Topic 2: Decolonisation

The process of decolonisation was driven by a multitude of factors. Although similarities exist, each experience of decolonisation was different and involved interrelationships of ideas, leaders, and movements. Decolonisation is an ongoing global phenomenon.

Students undertake a study of one or more examples of decolonisation. They investigate, from multiple perspectives, the methods of decolonisation and the consequences for both colonised and colonising peoples,

The study of decolonisation may be chosen from, but is not limited to:

• Africa (e.g. Algeria, Congo, Tanzania)
• Asia (e.g. India, Vietnam, Timor-Leste, Indonesia, Philippines, Cambodia, Laos, Tibet)
• Central America (e.g. Nicaragua, El Salvador, Panama, Jamaica)
• the Pacific region (e.g. Tahiti, Fiji, Papua New Guinea).

The following are focus areas for study in this topic:

• An overview of the meaning and experiences of colonisation and decolonisation.
• The social, political, and economic characteristics prior to national independence.

Examples include political and legal structures; language and identity; the experiences of those living under colonial rule and living through decolonisation; the nature of the imperialist economy; and the nature of the ‘decolonised’ communities and states.

• External challenges to the imperialists in maintaining control of colonies.

Examples include war, trade, disease, and changing attitudes.

• Internal forces that challenged power structures in a society and influenced movements for decolonisation.

Examples include the role of women in social, political, and economic change.

• The social, political, and economic legacy of imperialism and independence.

Examples include transition to alternative forms of government; social and cultural legacy; language; social costs; and foreign policies and trade.